Improvement in magazine fire-arms



2 Sheets--Shee'fl 1..

B. F. JOSLYN. Magazine Fire-Arm.

No. 222,912. Patented Dec. 23, 1879.

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N-FETERS, PHOTO-UTHDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

B. F. JYOSLYN. Magazine Pire-Arm.

No. 222,912. Patented Dec.. 23,1s79.

f f- Zf f N. PETERS, FMQTO-UTHQGRAFNER, WASHINGTON, D. C,

UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN F. JOSLYN, OF WORCESTER, ASSIGNOR TO DANIEL B. VESSON, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT iN MAGAZINE FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,912, dated December 23, 1879; application tiled January 16, 1879.

To all whom it 'may concer/lt:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. JosLvN, of Worcester, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improved Magazine Fire-Arm; and I do hereby declare that the followin g is a. full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this speciiication, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention relates to that class of magazine tire-arms having the magazine beneath the barrel; and my invention consists of the combination of a bolt, plates, and carrier in the frame of the gun, whereby the cartridges are carried into place behind the barrel.

It also consists of the combina-tion ot' the hammer, a lock, and a sliding bolt arranged in the frame and adapted to automatically withdraw the tire-pin from its niost forward position.

It also consists of the combination of a lever with the bolt, lock, and frame of the gun, whereby the bolt is unlocked and drawn back and the shell started from its position in the barrel and it also consists of the combination of the carrier with a spring-hook, whereby the arm may be used as a magazinegun or a single loader, all which will be more fully hereinafter described.

Figure I is a side view of that portion ot` a gun having my invention applied. Fig. II is a plan view ot' the same. Fig. III is a longitudinal vertical section at line I2 of Fig. II. Fig. IV is a perspective view ot' that part of the gun having my invention applied, with a portion of the side ofthe frame broken away, showing the carrier and other mechanism. Fig. V is a reverse plan view ot' the bolt and locking device. Fig. VI is a transverse section of the bolt and frame at line I of Fig. III. Fig. VII is a longitudinal section of the bolt and frame at line I of Fig. II; and Fig. VIII is a reverse plan view otl the carrier and a part of the magazine below the barrel, showing the mechanism for changing the arm from a magazine tire-arm to a breech-loading fire-arm, or for adapting the arm to be used without the magazine.

In the drawings, A is the frame, havingits two sides extending upward and united by a strap, H', within which space slides the bolt H, which is provided with the longitudinal grooves m on its lower side, each having a shoulder, m2, at one end, and another, m3, at the other. This bolt is provided with a hammer extending longitudinally therein, and which is made in the form of a rod, terminating at the forward end in a small tiring-pin, and at the rear end in a knob, by which to draw it back; and it is provided with a shoulder, u, against which bears a spring, u', placed in the rear portion of the bolt to press the hammer forward.

The cock-notch o is made in the lower part of the hammer, and also the half-cock notch o, with which the point ot the sea-r o', pivoted in the bolt beneath the hammer, engages.

The lock D covers the rear end ot' the bolt, being secured thereto, so as to have avertical movement independent ot' the holt, by inside lugs, t2, made on the sides of the lock, which move in vertical recesses t, and the lock is held down by a spring, o.

The hammer extends through a vertically elongated hole in the rear part of the lock, and the latter is provided with beveled or inclined lugs or ears t3 at the rear side, and the hammer is also provided with corresponding inclines t4, which ride against the ears i3 when the lock is moved upward, which movement throws the hammer rearward until the point of the sear 0 engages with the halt-cock notch o, in which position the point of the tiringpin is within the forward end of the bolt.

The forward end of the upper part of the lool; D is provided with projections g, one on cach side, which, when the bolt is pushed in, enter the recesses g inthe sides of the frame, (shown in Fig. 1;) and the lower rear end of the lock is provided with a projection, d, which may extend across the entire width of the lock, and which, when the bolt is pushed in, enters the correspondingly-shaped recess n made in the frame.

The bolt is provided with an extractor-hook, by which to extract the shells from the rear end of the barrel, and a cam-lever, F, is pivoted to the lock, which lever is provided with a recess, h, to receive a pin, h', on the frame when the bolt is pushed in; and another pin or projection, x, may be made upon the frame, against which the upper forward end of the lever may bear, when the leverI is lifted, to force back the bolt a little when the lock is raised out of' its catches in the'frame, and start the shells from the chamber at the rear end of the barrel, so that they may be withdrawn easily when the bolt is pulled back. The sear is tripped to let the hammer forward by a pin, m, which is held down against the trigger by a spring.

The magazine C is preferably made tubular, and extends along beneath the barrel B, and is provided with the ordinary spring to force the cartridges out at the rear end. The hook a is so arranged as to catch against the rear end of the rear cartridge in the magazine, and prevent it from passing to the rear and being carried up to the rear of the barrel until the hook is tripped for that purpose, and this hook is so arranged that it may be moved from one side to the other in a horizontal direction, as shown in Fig. VIII.

The carrier E is located directly behind the magazine, and occupies the space between the two plates b, as shown in Fig. II, and this carrier is provided with the pins c2 in each side, which are inserted into the inclined slots cmadein the plates b, and the forward end of the carrier is provided with a vertical recess, a2, as shown clearly in Fig. VIII, so that when the hook a is in the position shown in Fig. VIII, if the carrier be moved down, it will not move or strike against the said hook; but if the latter be moved to the other side the carrier will strike when the latter passes down, and, moving the hook down also, a cartridge will be permitted to pass to the rear from the magazine.

The plates b are inserted into the grooves b2 made in the frame, and in which they are arranged to move to and fro longitudinally, and the rear ends of these plates, at their upper edges, are provided each with a projection, a2, which extends up into a groove, m', having a shoulder, m2, at one end, and another, m3, at

' the other end; and these plates are also provided with a guide slot or shoulder, fi', which has a bearing against a guide, 122, as theplates move rearward, to prevent their forward ends from tilting upward.

rlhe carrier E is of such length as to fill th space between the rear end of the magazine and barrel and the frame, and yet move freely in a vertical direction, and the inclined slots c in the plates are made horizontal for a short distance at the top, as shown in Fig. III, so that when the pins c2 of the carrier are in this horizontal part of the slots the carrier cannot be moved down until the bolt H has, rby its forward movement, moved the plates forward a little. A linger, c, provided with a shoulder, e', is pivoted to the forward upper part of the frame, just in rear of the space in which the carrier moves, as shown clearly in Fig. III,

and which finger, when the bolt moves forward, presses against the head of the cartridge, and directs it into the rear end of the barrel.

In practice, instead of the vertical grooves b2 being made in the frame, I may prefer to make that part of the frame between the plates recessed, and pivot the nger e to a piece extending up into that portion of the frame between the plates. This arrangement would render the plates less liable to be impeded in their movement by the clogging of dirt about them.

The operation of my invention is as follows: Vhen the arm is to be used as a magazinegun the bolt is drawn out to the rear, which moves the carrier up into a position with its top on nearly the same horizontal plane with the lower part of the bore of the barrel, and the cartridges are then inserted one after another into the rear end of the magazine G, where they are securely held by the springhook a bearing against the rear one. rlhe bolt H is then forced forward, and when the rear shoulders, m3, in the bolt reach the rear ends of the plates the bolt pushes them forward also; but as the carrier (whose pins c2 are in the slots c) cannot move forward, it is caused, by the forward movement of the plates, to move directly downward into aposition with its top on the same plane with the lower part of the bore of the magazine, this lower position of the carrier being shown in Fig. III. As the carrier reaches the spring-hook a in its movementdown,itsforwardendstrikes against the hook, movingit away from its hold against the rear cart-ridge, which is then thrown out to the rear upon the carrier E, the other cartridges being thrown back by the spring in the magazine until stopped by the hook a. The rear end of the leverl F is then raised, and the forward end bearing down against the pin L, the lock D is raised until the projection d is out of the recess n in the frame, and the projection g is out of the recess g', and the bolt is then moved to the rear; and as the bolt moves rearward, when the shoulders m2 in the forward part of the bolt reach the projection n2 on the rear upper part of the plates b, the latter are also moved rearward, causing the carrier to move up, (by its pins c2 in the slots 0,) and carrying the cartridge thereon up to a position in rear of the barrel. The bolt is then pushed forward again, striking the finger e, which is then over the rear end of the cartridge, and forcing the cartridge forward into the barrel, the forward end of the bolt finally driving itin as the bolt comes up to and bears rmly against the rear end of the barrel, where it is securely held by the lock D', by its projection d. As thisprojection d is lower than the point s2 of the frame, as the bolt moves in the lock D7 is raised by the projection d striking and riding over the point s2 into the recess u, and, as the lock is thus moved up, the inclined ears i3 on its rear end ride up against the shoulders 4 on the knob of the hammer D, which throws back the latter, so that the sear catches into the half-cock notch o", and when the forward en'd of the bolt strikes the cartridge to drive it into place in the barrel the f'orward end of the firing-pin is drawn into the bolt and will not explode the cartridge.

Then the bolt is thrown forward the extractor-hook f catches over the flange of the cartridge, and after the arm is discharged the bolt is pulled back by seizing and raising the lever F and drawing` it back quickly. and in this movement the extractor fdraws back the cartridge until, in its passage, the latter strikes against the shoulder e' on the tin ger e, and the latter is thereby thrown upward, throwing the shell entirely clearfrom the arm. The carrier having been forced down by the last forward movement of the bolt and plates b, another cartridge is then in place upon the carrier, ready to be brought up, which is done as the bolt is moved back, and which is then thrown forward into the barrel at the next forward movement ofthe bolt, and as long as cartridges remain in the magazine the arm is rapidly loaded and the shells thrown out by the movement of the bolt forward and back.

Instead of the horizontal slott" in the plates I), and the guide i? extending therein, the plates may be prevented from tilting upward a-t the forward end, when drawn back, by a shoulder just above their upper edges, or any convenient similar means.

Should the shells become so expanded by the discharge as to stick in the barrel, a small projection, :17, just forward of the upper part of the lever F, will cause the boltto be moved back, when the lever is raised, with sufficient force to start the shells from the barrel; and it' the lock should be moved up with difficulty with the lever F, a small lever, s, pivoted in the frame, with its forward end in the lower part ofthe recess a, will press upward against the projection d, and move it by pressing with the thumb on the knob s', attached to the rear and long end of the lever s, as shown clearly in Fig. III, the bolt being there shown as partially drawn ont and the carrier as just ready to start on its upward movement when the bolt is drawn farther out.

It is evident that the arm may be used as a breech-loading :lire-arm permanently by dispensing with the carrier E and plates b, and by making that part of the frame solid and drawing back the bolt each time a cartridge is inserted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new isl. The combination, in a fire-arm, of the frame A, the bolt H, provided with shoulders m2 and m3, the plates b, and the carrier E, as a means of carrying the cartridges in succession from the rear of the magazine up into the rea-r end of the barrel, substantially as set forth.

In a fire-arm, the hammer D and the lock D', the one provided with a shoulder and the other with an incline, in combination with the sliding bolt and the frame of the gun, whereby the firing-pin is automatically withdrawn from its most forward position, substantially as set forth.

3. In a firearm, the combination of the lock D', the bol-t H, the lever F, and a shoulder, It', on the frame of the arm, whereby the bolt is easily unlocked and drawn back from its position against the rear end of the barrel, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the lock D', the bolt H, the lever F, and the shoulders lt' and on the frame, whereby the bolt is unlocked and started back in its rearward movementto start the shell from the barrel in extracting it, substantially as set forth. y

` 5. In a fire-arm, the combination of the carrier E, recessed at its forward end, and having a vertical movement inthe frame, and the spring-hook a, arranged to be moved in a lateral direction, whereby the arm may be used as a magazine or repeating fire-arm, or as an ordinary breech-loading tire-arm, substantially as herein set forth.

ABENJAMIN F. JOSLYN.

Witnesses S. B. I. GODDARD, GEO. E. SMITH. 

